out the burden-shifting framework
in the company. The Court held that the policy violated the statute, saying that Title VII “proscribes not only overt discrimination but also practices that are fair in form, but discriminatory in operation.” In 1991, Congress amended Title VII, codifying the theory and laying out the burden-shifting framework described above. In addition to Title VII, court opinions and agency regulations have applied the disparate-impact theory to discrimination under other statutes, including age discrimination under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, lending discrimination under the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, and housing discrimination under the Fair Housing Act (FHA) สล็อต